Pulse　laser　is　an　effective　tool　for　removing　paint　from　aircraft　and　ship　surfaces.　The　analysis　of　the　laser　paint　removal　process　requires　a　synchronous　observation　method.　In　this　study,　based　on　high-speed　shadow　imaging　technology,　an　online　examination　system　for　laser　paint　removal　was　established.　The　dynamic　behaviors　of　laser　paint　removal　and　substrate　damages　caused　by　too　high　laser　pulse　energy　density　were　analyzed　by　examining　the　removal　process　of　epoxy　primer　on　2A12　Al　alloy　surface　by　laser　with　different　energy　densities.　The　results　show　that　when　the　laser　irradiated　the　sample　surface,　some　plumes,　particles　and　droplets　were　formed　on　the　material　surface.　Further　analysis　reveals　that　the　generation　of　plumes　was　due　to　the　ablation　of　primer,　while　the　particles　were　generated　under　thermal　stress.　When　the　laser　energy　density　was　too　high,　the　substrate　materials　melted　to　form　droplets.　The　plumes　generated　by　laser　ablation　created　an　extremely　high　recoil　pressure,　under　which　the　particles　and　droplets　were　detached　from　the　surface　of　the　material.