China＇s　declaration　to　the　international　community　to　peak　CO2　emissions　before　2030　and　achieve　carbon　neutrality　before　2060　is　of　great　significance　in　advancing　the　objectives　of　the　Paris　Agreement,　and　has　a　positive　and　far-reaching　impact　on　China＇s　high-quality　development.　This　paper　expounds　on　responsibilities　and　ambitions　in　tackling　climate　change,　analyzes　the　high-quality　development　opportunities　brought　about　by　CO2　emissions　peak　and　carbon　neutrality,　and　discusses　the　net　zero　carbon　emissions　transformation　in　the　new　era　of　ecological　civilization.　This　paper　is　of　the　view　that　development　towards　net　zero　carbon　emissions　provides　a　new　impetus　for　building　a　Beautiful　China,　and　promoting　ecological　civilization　and　green　development.　The　essence　of　carbon　neutrality　should　be　correctly　understood　so　that　the　world　will　work　together　to　improve　climate　resilience.　China　should　also　deepen　the　understanding　of　the　principles　and　methodologies　of　climate　change　economics.　　©　2021　Social　Sciences　Academic　Press　(China).