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Abstract:
In this paper, we report on high beam quality vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) featuring a monolithically integrated aspherical microlens. This lens is fabricated by a one-step diffusion-limited wet etch process. VCSELs with microlenses with different curvature radius are designed, fabricated, and characterized, as well as reference VCSEL devices without the microlens. Significant improvement of beam divergence and single-mode performance are demonstrated in microlens VCSELs. The divergence angles of a conventional VCSEL are 14.5 degrees, 16.0 degrees, and 17.0 degrees (full width at D4 sigma) at 2 mA, 3 mA, and 4 mA, respectively, with a M-2 value measured to be 6.9 at 3 mA. Under the same current injection, the divergence angles of a comparable VCSEL with a micro-lens (curvature radius of 31.8 mu m) are reduced to 4.8 degrees, 5.5 degrees, and 5.7 degrees, respectively. The M-2 value of the lensed VCSEL is as low as 1.9 at 3 mA.
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IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
ISSN: 1943-0655
Year: 2017
Issue: 4
Volume: 9
2 . 4 0 0
JCR@2022
ESI Discipline: PHYSICS;
ESI HC Threshold:158
CAS Journal Grade:3
Cited Count:
WoS CC Cited Count: 3
SCOPUS Cited Count: 5
ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
WanFang Cited Count:
Chinese Cited Count:
30 Days PV: 1
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