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学者姓名：戴福初
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Abstract ：
Soft sediment deformation structures (SSDSs) in lacustrine sediments could record paleoearthquakes in tectonically active areas. However, their interpretations of deformation and triggering mechanisms still exist disagreement due to the lack of understanding of natural formation processes of SSDSs. In this study, two large shaking table experiments of saturated lacustrine sedimentary sequences, including Model 1 (simple stratigraphic system of thick silty-clay and sand layer) and Model 2 (stratigraphic systems of thin silty-clay and sand alternating layers) were carried out at the different peak ground accelerations (PGA) in order to simulate the earthquake-triggered SSDSs on the basis of field investigation in Tashkorgan of western China. The results showed that there were no SSDSs formed at the PGA 0.125g, and the excess pore-water pressure ratio (gamma(mu)) measured in the sand layer was lower than 0.1; sand volcanos, pipes and sand veins were formed at the PGA 0.25g, and the gamma(mu) value of the sand layer reached about 0.2 with the maximum liquefied depths of nearly 30 cm, indicating that weak liquefaction occurred in the sand layer; sand volcanos, pipes, sand veins, diapirs, load and flame structures, ball-and-pillow structures, silty-clay deformation structures were formed at the PGA 0.5g and 0.8g, and the gamma(mu) value of sand layer reached about 0.91 and 0.94 with the maximum liquefied depths of nearly 60 cm and 100 cm, respectively. The gamma(mu) value of silty-clay layers measured in all the tests was lower than 0.1, indicating that little liquefaction but thixotropy happened in the silty-clay layers. The tests showed that liquefied SSDSs could form at the PGA 0.25g, while thixotropic and gravity-driven SSDSs could form until the PGA reached 0.5g. This study also provided insights for single or closely spaced shaking events being responsible of superposed deformed beds. The simulated SSDSs have striking resemblance to that of ones identified in the field, supporting the earthquake triggering of SSDSs in the Tashkorgan area. (c) 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
Keyword ：
Liquefaction Liquefaction Pore-water pressure Pore-water pressure Shaking table Shaking table Earthquake simulation experiment Earthquake simulation experiment Thixotropy Thixotropy Soft sediment deformation structure Soft sediment deformation structure
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| GB/T 7714 | Liang, Lianji , Lu, Zhihao , Zhang, Qitao et al. Shaking table simulation of soft sediment deformation structures in lacustrine sediments [J]. | SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY , 2024 , 472 . |
| MLA | Liang, Lianji et al. "Shaking table simulation of soft sediment deformation structures in lacustrine sediments" . | SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY 472 (2024) . |
| APA | Liang, Lianji , Lu, Zhihao , Zhang, Qitao , Tian, Hongshui , Dai, Fuchu , Jiang, Hanchao et al. Shaking table simulation of soft sediment deformation structures in lacustrine sediments . | SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY , 2024 , 472 . |
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Abstract ：
一种双向耦合的流动性滑坡涌浪运动计算方法，属于土木水利工程领域。本计算方法在考虑滑坡/涌浪重力、静止土/水压力、摩阻力共同作用的基础上，同时考虑了滑坡涌浪之间强烈耦合作用力，根据物质的连续性原理、牛顿第二定律以及单元体的受力推导得出流动性滑坡涌浪运动的计算方程。本发明适用于水库流动性滑坡涌浪运动的计算，能够计算滑坡涌浪强烈耦合作用下的滑坡运动过程以及产生的涌浪的运动过程。
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| GB/T 7714 | 戴福初 , 岳霞 . 一种双向耦合的流动性滑坡涌浪运动计算方法 : CN202210503443.7[P]. | 2022-04-19 . |
| MLA | 戴福初 et al. "一种双向耦合的流动性滑坡涌浪运动计算方法" : CN202210503443.7. | 2022-04-19 . |
| APA | 戴福初 , 岳霞 . 一种双向耦合的流动性滑坡涌浪运动计算方法 : CN202210503443.7. | 2022-04-19 . |
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Abstract ：
本发明公开了一种可维持恒荷载的三轴试验装置，包括平台架、压力室、导向装置和加压装置。平台架包括平台架台面、柱腿、撑杆和脚杯。压力室上盘打孔置入水下荷重传感器；压力室下盘开有三个连接孔。导向装置采用上下压杆和两根导向杆构成，导向装置与平台架利用直线轴承连接，与加压装置利用铰接的关节轴承连接保证了压力的竖向传导。加压装置包括底部砝码和砝码拉杆构成。除压力室有机玻璃腔体外其他均使用不锈钢材料制作。本装置适用于恒荷载下土体破坏过程的模拟试验，维持土体破坏瞬间竖向压力的稳定，连接的高频率水压传感器对试样破坏瞬间的孔隙水压力变化及时捕捉，同时试样装置结构稳定，结构简单，满足试验安全和便携拆装的要求。
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| GB/T 7714 | 乔行 , 戴福初 . 一种可维持恒荷载的三轴试验装置 : CN202210472361.0[P]. | 2022-04-29 . |
| MLA | 乔行 et al. "一种可维持恒荷载的三轴试验装置" : CN202210472361.0. | 2022-04-29 . |
| APA | 乔行 , 戴福初 . 一种可维持恒荷载的三轴试验装置 : CN202210472361.0. | 2022-04-29 . |
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Abstract ：
一种改进的滑坡涌浪动力学模型
Keyword ：
滑坡涌浪 滑坡涌浪 动力学模型 动力学模型 类流体滑坡 类流体滑坡 有限差分法 有限差分法 波浪破碎 波浪破碎 耦合作用力 耦合作用力
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| GB/T 7714 | 岳霞 , 戴福初 , 朱杰 et al. 一种改进的滑坡涌浪动力学模型 [J]. | 岳霞 , 2021 , 38 (4) : 94-101 . |
| MLA | 岳霞 et al. "一种改进的滑坡涌浪动力学模型" . | 岳霞 38 . 4 (2021) : 94-101 . |
| APA | 岳霞 , 戴福初 , 朱杰 , 朱雨轩 , 长江科学院院报 . 一种改进的滑坡涌浪动力学模型 . | 岳霞 , 2021 , 38 (4) , 94-101 . |
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Abstract ：
滑坡涌浪是库区最常见的自然灾害之一,为了对库区滑坡涌浪的灾害范围进行更加准确、高效的模拟,基于Sassa滑坡运动模型、COMCOT海啸模型及其开源有限差分程序、流体力学建立了流动性滑坡涌浪动力学模型.为了使模型能更好地反映滑坡涌浪的实际运动,模型考虑了滑坡涌浪的强烈耦合作用力、波浪破碎等因素对滑坡涌浪运动的影响,并通过龚家方滑坡涌浪案例验证了模型的有效性.模拟结果表明:①模拟得到滑坡的运动过程、堆积体形态、涌浪的产生、传播、爬坡与野外观测情况基本吻合;②由于岸边波能集聚,涌浪的岸边爬坡波高比河道内的波高更高;③爬坡波高在沿程递减的同时也存在波动,这与观测点的具体地形条件有关.由于模拟结果与野外观测情况相符,因此可将该模型应用于类流体滑坡涌浪的模拟,该模型的模拟结果可为类流体滑坡涌浪灾害防治工作提供参考依据.
Keyword ：
动力学模型 动力学模型 类流体滑坡 类流体滑坡 有限差分法 有限差分法 耦合作用力 耦合作用力 滑坡涌浪 滑坡涌浪 波浪破碎 波浪破碎
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| GB/T 7714 | 岳霞 , 戴福初 , 朱杰 et al. 一种改进的滑坡涌浪动力学模型 [J]. | 长江科学院院报 , 2021 , 38 (4) : 94-101 . |
| MLA | 岳霞 et al. "一种改进的滑坡涌浪动力学模型" . | 长江科学院院报 38 . 4 (2021) : 94-101 . |
| APA | 岳霞 , 戴福初 , 朱杰 , 朱雨轩 . 一种改进的滑坡涌浪动力学模型 . | 长江科学院院报 , 2021 , 38 (4) , 94-101 . |
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Abstract ：
八宿巨型滑坡的发现及其意义
Keyword ：
八宿巨型滑坡 八宿巨型滑坡 堆积特征 堆积特征 成因与演变 成因与演变 方量估算 方量估算 防灾意义 防灾意义
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| GB/T 7714 | 邓建辉 , 高云建 , 姚鑫 et al. 八宿巨型滑坡的发现及其意义 [J]. | 邓建辉 , 2021 , 53 (3) : 19-28 . |
| MLA | 邓建辉 et al. "八宿巨型滑坡的发现及其意义" . | 邓建辉 53 . 3 (2021) : 19-28 . |
| APA | 邓建辉 , 高云建 , 姚鑫 , 戴福初 , 任开瑀 , 王飞 et al. 八宿巨型滑坡的发现及其意义 . | 邓建辉 , 2021 , 53 (3) , 19-28 . |
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Abstract ：
Frequent agricultural irrigation triggers numerous landslides in the loess platform, northwest China. We conducted a field infiltration experiment with a diameter of 20 m on the South Jingyang tableland in Shaanxi province, China to better understand the infiltration process in thick unsaturated loess. Soil moisture probes, tensiometers, and differential pressure transducers were installed at various depths to monitor the infiltration process. The results showed that the initially high infiltration rate gradually decreased and finally approached a constant value less than that of the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the top soil. Matric suction decreased rapidly, and the volumetric water content increased to a nearly saturated state with the arrival of the wetting front. The soil water characteristic curve obtained from field monitoring data agreed with that from laboratory tests performed on undisturbed specimens. Preferential flow associated with vertical cracks parallel to the margin of the platform was observed in the late Pleistocene Loess layer (L-1), and an empirical model was developed from monitoring recordings to explain preferential flow formation. A transient perched water table formed above the lower part of the first paleosol layer (S-1). The monitored pore-air pressure increased and then fluctuated before the arrival of the wetting front. The maximum value of pore-air pressure at different depths was less than 5 kPa and tended to increase linearly with dry density. The results of this research help understand the migration of irrigation water in thick unsaturated loess and the recharge mechanism of the deep groundwater table.
Keyword ：
Field monitoring Field monitoring Infiltration process Infiltration process Preferential flow Preferential flow Loess Loess Wetting front Wetting front Pore-air pressure Pore-air pressure
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhao, Zhiqiang , Dai, Fuchu , Min, Hong et al. Field infiltration of artificial irrigation into thick loess [J]. | ENGINEERING GEOLOGY , 2021 , 294 . |
| MLA | Zhao, Zhiqiang et al. "Field infiltration of artificial irrigation into thick loess" . | ENGINEERING GEOLOGY 294 (2021) . |
| APA | Zhao, Zhiqiang , Dai, Fuchu , Min, Hong , Tu, Xinbin . Field infiltration of artificial irrigation into thick loess . | ENGINEERING GEOLOGY , 2021 , 294 . |
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Abstract ：
Soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDSs) are widely developed in the lacustrine sediments of paleo-dammed lakes in tectonically active regions and contain a wealth of information on regional fault activity. In this study, multiple SSDSs (load structures, small-scale slump structures, droplets, diapir and pillow structures, silty-clay pillars and large-scale slump structures) were identified in the strata of the Late Pleistocene lacustrine sedi-ments in the Tashkorgan River drainage in northeaster n Pamir. The deformation mechanisms of the SSDSs were related to the liquefaction, fluidization and thixotropic behaviors. The regional tectonic settings and SSDS fea-tures point toward a trigger mechanism with seismic activities and indicate that the seismogenic faults were possibly related to the southern part of the Kongur Shan extensional system. Accelerator mass spectrometr y (AMS) radiocarbon dating data showed that the SSDSs in the Tashkorgan lacustrine sediments formed 30,221-29,932 cal BP and 25,825-25,317 cal BP. The results of this study improve ou r understanding of fault activity and geodynamic processes in northeaster n Pamir during the Late Pleistocene.
Keyword ：
Soft-sediment deformation structure Soft-sediment deformation structure Paleo-earthquake Paleo-earthquake Pamir Pamir Late Pleistocene Late Pleistocene Lacustrine sediment Lacustrine sediment
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| GB/T 7714 | Liang, Lianji , Qiao, Xiufu , Dai, Fuchu et al. Seismically triggered soft-sediment deformation structures in Tashkorgan lacustrine sediments, northeastern Pamir, China [J]. | QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL , 2021 , 604 : 82-92 . |
| MLA | Liang, Lianji et al. "Seismically triggered soft-sediment deformation structures in Tashkorgan lacustrine sediments, northeastern Pamir, China" . | QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL 604 (2021) : 82-92 . |
| APA | Liang, Lianji , Qiao, Xiufu , Dai, Fuchu , Zhong, Ning , Jiang, Hanchao . Seismically triggered soft-sediment deformation structures in Tashkorgan lacustrine sediments, northeastern Pamir, China . | QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL , 2021 , 604 , 82-92 . |
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Abstract ：
Bayesian parameter inversion approaches are dependent on the original forward models linking subsurface physical properties to measured data, which usually require a large number of iterations. Fast alternative systems to forward models are commonly employed to make the stochastic inversion problem computationally tractable. This paper compared the effect of the original forward model constructed by the HYDRUS-1D software and two different approximations: the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) alternative system and the Gaussian Process (GP) surrogate system. The model error of the ANN was quantified using a principal component analysis, while the model error of the GP was measured using its own variance. There were two groups of measured pressure head data of undisturbed loess for parameter inversion: one group was obtained from a laboratory soil column infiltration experiment and the other was derived from a field irrigation experiment. Strong correlations between the pressure head values simulated by random posterior samples indicated that the approximate forward models are reliable enough to be included in the Bayesian inversion framework. The approximate forward models significantly improved the inversion efficiency by comparing the observed and the optimized results with a similar accuracy. In conclusion, surrogates can be considered when the forward models are strongly nonlinear and the computational costs are prohibitive.
Keyword ：
undisturbed loess undisturbed loess field irrigation experiment field irrigation experiment infiltration simulation infiltration simulation laboratory infiltration experiment laboratory infiltration experiment Bayesian inversion Bayesian inversion
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| GB/T 7714 | Guo, Qinghua , Dai, Fuchu , Zhao, Zhiqiang . Comparison of Two Bayesian-MCMC Inversion Methods for Laboratory Infiltration and Field Irrigation Experiments [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH , 2020 , 17 (3) . |
| MLA | Guo, Qinghua et al. "Comparison of Two Bayesian-MCMC Inversion Methods for Laboratory Infiltration and Field Irrigation Experiments" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 17 . 3 (2020) . |
| APA | Guo, Qinghua , Dai, Fuchu , Zhao, Zhiqiang . Comparison of Two Bayesian-MCMC Inversion Methods for Laboratory Infiltration and Field Irrigation Experiments . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH , 2020 , 17 (3) . |
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Abstract ：
青藏高原东南三江流域横跨青藏高原东南的高山峡谷区与藏北高原区,地形地貌与气候特征差异大,新构造运动与地震活动强烈,致使该区地质环境脆弱,地质灾害频发,灾害链特征显著,对人民生命财产和工程建设安全、重要基础设施的正常运营构成了严重威胁.本文在利用遥感解译确定青藏高原东南三江流域滑坡灾害空间分布的基础上,探讨滑坡灾害的发育规律及其主要影响因素.利用GoogleEarth影像,结合现场调查进行滑坡灾害的遥感解译,得到滑坡灾害类型及其空间分布.采用分辨率为90 m的SRTM数字高程模型(DEM)进行地形地貌特征分析,得到研究区海拔高程、地形坡度、坡向、相对高差栅格图层.以1∶500 000地质图的地层岩性为基础,进行岩组划分并栅格化形成地层岩组栅格图层;以1∶500 000地质图中的主要断层为基础并与1∶1 500 000青藏高原及邻区大地构造图中的主要断裂进行整编,并进行缓冲区分析形成与主要断裂的距离图层.根据1∶1 500 000青藏高原及邻区大地构造图获得研究区大地构造单元图层.对上述栅格图层分别进行分带、分类后与滑坡灾害空间分布图层进行叠加分析,以滑坡所占面积的百分比为依据绘制直方图,从而得到研究区滑坡灾害的主要发育特征.在面积为46.2×104km2的青藏高原东南三江流域范围内,累计解译面积不小于0.001 km2的滑坡灾害60 315处,包括滑坡体、崩塌堆积体和变形体3类,以滑坡体为主,占总数的97.73％.滑坡灾害在空间上具有沿深切峡谷成带分布的规律,沿部分断裂构造,如巴塘断裂、维西—乔后断裂、苏哇龙—雄松断裂拉哇—昌波段等密集分布;滑坡灾害多发育在坡度20°～30°、高程小于4 000 m、相对高差超过1 000m的斜坡内.在18类地层岩组中,碎屑岩与板岩夹灰岩组合、泥页岩与粉砂岩组、蛇绿混杂岩、板岩与千枚岩岩组、火山岩等5类为滑坡灾害发育的明显优势岩组.在25个大地构造单元中,金沙江蛇绿混杂岩、中咱碳酸盐台地、那曲—洛隆弧前盆地、保山陆表海盆地、盐源—丽江陆缘裂谷盆地、北澜沧江蛇绿混杂岩、甘孜—理塘蛇绿混杂岩等为滑坡灾害明显优势发育的构造单元.尽管距主要断裂距离、坡向等因素对滑坡灾害发育有一定影响,但不显著.由此可见,青藏高原东南三江流域滑坡灾害发育,影响滑坡灾害发育的地形地貌与地质因素主要为地形坡度、高程、相对高差、地层岩组及大地构造单元,距主要断裂的距离、坡向的影响不显著.
Keyword ：
滑坡类型 滑坡类型 空间分布 空间分布 青藏高原 青藏高原 影响因素 影响因素 三江流域 三江流域 滑坡灾害 滑坡灾害
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| GB/T 7714 | 戴福初 , 邓建辉 . 青藏高原东南三江流域滑坡灾害发育特征 [J]. | 工程科学与技术 , 2020 , 52 (5) : 1-15 . |
| MLA | 戴福初 et al. "青藏高原东南三江流域滑坡灾害发育特征" . | 工程科学与技术 52 . 5 (2020) : 1-15 . |
| APA | 戴福初 , 邓建辉 . 青藏高原东南三江流域滑坡灾害发育特征 . | 工程科学与技术 , 2020 , 52 (5) , 1-15 . |
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