摘要 ：

Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are widely distributed and contribute significantly to the global nitrogen cycle. Traditionally, identification and quantification based on the 16S rRNA gene were considered not reliable because of low 16S rRNA gene sequence identity within Brocadiales. Here we hypothesize that by using appropriate primers and methodology, 16S-based detection and quantification of anammox bacteria can be accurate. We modified an existing 16S rRNA gene-based primer pair (Amx694F-Amx960R) by changing one nucleotide (Amx694F position 18, G -> C) (Amx694PF-Amx960R) so that they match the sequences of most Brocadiales anammox bacteria, and evaluated the modified primer pair with 29 freshwater samples from microcosms, anammox reactors and wastewater treatment plants of various geographical origins. The primer pair showed high specificity in detection and quantification of anammox populations in samples that contained >0.1% anammox bacteria. Quantification of anammox abundance by quantitative real-time PCR and delineation of anammox species by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis agreed well with amplicon sequencing results. A clear shift of anammox population towards 'Candidatus Kuenenia' was observed under laboratory cultivation conditions. With the help of amplicon sequencing, we demonstrated that 16S rRNA gene-based anammox-specific primers are able to achieve qualitative and quantitative monitoring of anammox communities in wastewater treatment plants and natural freshwater environments.2007;73:5261-7.

关键词 ：

primer anammox DGGE amplicon sequencing specificity qPCR

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

为了研究季节性温度对短程硝化生物膜系统中微生物群落结构的影响,以平均水温分别为28.3,23.3,21.6,9.6,-0.2℃条件下MBBR反应器的短程硝化生物膜为对象,利用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳技术(PCR-DGGE)对比分析上述生物膜中的微生物群落结构,结果表明:在控制合适的水力停留时间(HRT)条件下,水温降低会影响微生物活性,但不影响短程硝化稳定性,平均水温在21.6~-0.2℃变化过程中总细菌和AOB的多样性及均匀性基本不变,芽孢杆菌、黄杆菌、亚硝化单胞菌等污水处理功能微生物都得到保留.平均水温28.3~-0.2℃条件下生物膜中的优势菌群主要分布于变形菌门(Proteoba...

关键词 ：

微生物群落结构 低温 短程硝化 MBBR PCR-DGGE

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

In order to investigate the effect of seasonal temperature on microbial community structure of nitrification biofilm system, the nitrification biofilm system in MBBR reactor under the temperature of 28.3, 23.3, 21.6, 9.6 and -0.2 were studied by using denatures gradient gel electrophoresis polymerase chain reaction(PCR-DGGE) technique. The activity of bacteria affected by loss of the water temperature, but did not affect stability of nitrification. During the change of water temperature(21.6~0.2), the total bacteria and AOB stayed stable; and the waste-water treatment of Bacillus, Flavobacterium and Nitrosomonas also stayed stable. The dominant bacteria in biofilm mainly was Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes under the average temperature of 28.3~-0.2, and the AOB was Nitrosomonas that was the part of β-Proteobacteria. The partial nitrification under low temperature was achieved by controlling HRT merely, and it made great sense for the application of shortcut nitrification process. © 2017, Editorial Board of China Environmental Science. All right reserved.

关键词 ：

Bacteria Bacteriology Biofilms Electrophoresis Nitrification Polymerase chain reaction Temperature Waste treatment Wastewater treatment Water treatment

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

为研究冻土中细菌群落的多样性,采用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析技术,对青海果洛地区的冻土样品进行了研究。结果表明:冻土中含有丰富的细菌类群,且样品间细菌群落结构存在差异。4个冻土样品中,细菌分属于2个门,即拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。在属分类水平属于6个细菌类群,噬几丁质杆菌属(Chitinophagaceae bacterium)、不粘柄菌属(Asticcacaulis)、阿菲波菌属(Afipia)、生丝微菌属(Hyphomicrobium)、土微菌属(Pedomicrobium)和鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas),其中Ch...

关键词 ：

果洛地区 细菌群落 冻土 PCR-DGGE 多样性

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

为了探讨活性污泥好氧颗粒化过程对微生物种群的影响、不同底物及不同颗粒化方法培养的好氧颗粒污泥中微生物群落结构的差异,以接种污泥、模拟废水好氧颗粒污泥和分别投加粉末活性炭和硅藻土的实际生活污水好氧颗粒污泥为研究对象,利用PCR-DGGE对比分析了接种污泥和好氧颗粒污泥中的微生物群落结构.结果表明:活性污泥好氧颗粒化过程会减少微生物种群多样性,影响颗粒污泥稳定性的细菌被淘汰,而聚磷菌、反硝化菌、难降解有机物降解菌等污水处理功能微生物都在颗粒化过程中得到保留.活性污泥好氧颗粒化过程中能够实现亚硝化细菌(AOB)一定程度的富集.与接种活性污泥相比,好氧颗粒污泥中AOB的多样性指数与均匀性指数均有提高....

关键词 ：

好氧颗粒污泥 微生物群落结构 PCR-DGGE

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

In order to investigate the influences of activated sludge aerobic granulation process on microbial diversity and the differences of microbial community structure in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) which was cultivated by different carbon sources or different granulation methods, the microbial community structure of seed sludge and AGS (AGS with artificial wastewater, AGS with real domestic wastewater by adding diatomite and powered activated carbon respectively) were analyzed by PCR-DGGE. The activated sludge aerobic granulation process led to a low microbial diversity. The bacteria which might impact the stability of granular sludge were eliminated. However, the bacteria which were capable of phosphorus accumulation, denitrification or bio-degradation of refractory organic substances were retained. In the activated sludge aerobic granulation process the ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB) were enriched to a certain extent. Compared with the seed activated sludge, the diversity index and evenness index of AOB were increased. The dominant bacterial communities in AGS were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and uncultured bacterium. The dominant AOB in AGS were all belonged to Nitrosomonas. © 2016, Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences. All right reserved.

关键词 ：

Aerobic granular sludge; Microbial community structure; PCR-DGGE

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

为考察不同有机碳源质量浓度对亚硝化的全程自养脱氮工艺(SNAD)脱氮性能的影响,将该工艺应用到生活污水的处理中,采用MBR反应器,以葡萄糖作为有机物来源,通过逐步增大COD来实现,并运用PCR-DGGE技术研究了微生物种群结构的变化.反应器运行结果和DGGE图谱分析表明:碳氮比为0~2时,COD的增加不会抑制AOB和Anammox菌,AOB和Anammox菌的菌属种类不受影响,反而通过反硝化作用提高氮去除负荷.总氮去除率和氮去除负荷分别为67%和0.34 kg/(m3·d)左右.碳氮比为3~4及生活污水运行条件下,Anammox菌不受影响,AOB的活性受到抑制,菌属种类减少,脱氮效率下降.生活...

关键词 ：

同步亚硝化厌氧氨氧化和反硝化 微生物 有机物 生活污水 聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

Effect of different organic substrate concentration on nitrogen removal in SNAD and the application of this process to treat domestic wastewater were investigated in a MBR, with gradually increased glucose as a source of organic matter. Besides, changes of microbial communities were observed by PCR-DGGE techniques. Experimental results and DGGE profiles showed that the increase of organic carbon concentration did not inhibited the activity and category species of AOB and Anammox bacteria when the C/N ration was ranged 0 to 2.0. Meanwhile, a significantly improvement of nitrogen removal was observed via effective denitrification, with a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 67% and nitrogen removal rate of 0.34 kg/(m3·d), respectively. Under the C/N of 3-4 condition, the anammox bacteria in the system changed insignificantly, but AOB was inhibited and the category species reduced, resulting a decreasing of nitrogen removal efficiency. Total nitrogen removal efficiency and nitrogen removal rate were about 73% and 0.17 kg/(m3·d), respectively. Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis were the predominant microorganisms in the SNAD reactor and played a major role in autotrophic nitrogen removal. © 2016, Harbin Institute of Technology. All right reserved.

关键词 ：

Domestic wastewater; Microbes; Organic carbon; PCR-DGGE; SNAD

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

亚硝化是一种节能的工艺,在处理高氨氮质量浓度和低C/N比污水时具有较高的可行性,通过热冲击的方式处理包埋活性污泥,成功实现了NO2--N的积累。研究中发现,在60℃温度下热冲击10 min,亚硝酸盐氧化菌(nitrite oxidizing bacteria,NOB)活性就将完全消失,而氨氧化菌(ammonia oxidizing bacteria,AOB)仍有一定活性。PCR-DGGE发现,热冲击后包埋颗粒内残留的NOB主要是Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii,只有当生物量达到一定值后时才能显现出硝化性能。研究还对60和70℃热冲击后的包埋颗粒进行了连续流实验,发现...

关键词 ：

亚硝化 包埋颗粒 活性污泥 热冲击

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。

摘要 ：

厌氧氨氧化是污水脱氮工艺中的重要环节,系统中的菌群结构决定了其处理效果.低温厌氧氨氧化技术因节省大量能源更具有良好的发展前景,厌氧氨氧化细菌在其中起着至关重要的作用.为了探讨降温过程中(由30℃降为20℃时)厌氧氨氧化反应器处理城市污水时微生物群落的变化,利用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA),定量PCR和PCR-DGGE分析方法对城市生活污水厌氧氨氧化系统中的微生物的量、厌氧氨氧化菌的量以及功能微生物菌群的变化进行了研究.磷脂脂肪酸分析结果显示当温度由30℃降为20℃时,微生物的总量首先降低,随着运行时间的延续逐渐升高.定量PCR结果显示厌氧氨氧化菌16S rRNA基因拷贝数由30℃的1.19×108m...

关键词 ：

PCR-DGGE 厌氧氨氧化 厌氧氨氧化菌 定量PCR 生物脱氮

引用：

复制并粘贴一种已设定好的引用格式，或利用其中一个链接导入到文献管理软件中。