The　authors　recently　demonstrated　that　the　arc　plasma　and　electron　flow　in　an　arc　could　be　separated.　This　separability　provided　the　foundation　to　develop　an　ability　to　adjust　the　heat　and　arc　pressure　distribution　without　changing　the　current.　To　better　understand　this　property,　a　novel　system　was　developed　based　on　the　split　anode.　The　distribution　of　the　pressure　and　heat　from　the　separated　arc　plasma　was　analyzed　quantitatively.　It　was　verified　that　the　arc　pressure　mainly　concentrated　in　the　arc　plasma.　Also,　the　heat　input　from　the　arc　plasma　exceeded　that　from　the　eletron　flow.　To　explore　possible　applications　of　this　separability,　a　novel　process,　namely,　separated　plasma　transferred　arc　weld　surfacing　(SPTAWS)　is　proposed.　Grade　D　steel　workpieces　were　hardfaced　using　this　process.　As　the　separated　electron　flow　increased,　the　heat-affected　zone　(HAZ)　of　the　deposited　bead　was　reduced.　The　microstructure　with　SPTAWS　was　found　to　be　better　than　with　conventional　plasma　transferred　arc　weld　surfacing　(PTAWS),　especially　in　the　fine-grain　zone.　The　grain　is　more　refined　and　uniform.