The　seismic　performance　of　recycled　aggregate　concrete　(RAC)　composite　shear　walls　with　different　expandable　polystyrene　(EPS)　configurations　was　investigated.　Six　concrete　shear　walls　were　designed　and　tested　under　cyclic　loading　to　evaluate　the　effect　of　fine　RAC　in　designing　earthquake-resistant　structures.　Three　of　the　six　specimens　were　used　to　construct　mid-rise　walls　with　a　shear-span　ratio　of　1.5,　and　the　other　three　specimens　were　used　to　construct　low-rise　walls　with　a　shear-span　ratio　of　0.8.　The　mid-rise　and　low-rise　shear　walls　consisted　of　an　ordinary　recycled　concrete　shear　wall,　a　composite　wall　with　fine　aggregate　concrete　(FAC)　protective　layer　(EPS　modules　as　the　external　insulation　layer),　and　a　composite　wall　with　sandwiched　EPS　modules　as　the　insulation　layer.　Several　parameters　obtained　from　the　experimental　results　were　compared　and　analyzed,　including　the　load-bearing　capacity,　stiffness,　ductility,　energy　dissipation,　and　failure　characteristics　of　the　specimens.　The　calculation　formula　of　load-bearing　capacity　was　obtained　by　considering　the　effect　of　FAC　on　composite　shear　walls　as　the　protective　layer.　The　damage　process　of　the　specimen　was　simulated　using　the　ABAQUS　Software,　and　the　results　agreed　quite　well　with　those　obtained　from　the　experiments.　The　results　show　that　the　seismic　resistance　behavior　of　the　EPS　module　composite　for　shear　walls　performed　better　than　ordinary　recycled　concrete　for　shear　walls.　Shear　walls　with　sandwiched　EPS　modules　had　a　better　seismic　performance　than　those　with　EPS　modules　lying　outside.　Although　the　FAC　protective　layer　slightly　improved　the　seismic　performance　of　the　structure,　it　undoubtedly　slowed　down　the　speed　of　crack　formation　and　the　stiffness　degradation　of　the　walls.