As　the　largest　magnesium　producer　in　the　world,　China　is　facing　a　great　challenge　of　greenhouse　gas　(GHG)　emissions　reduction.　In　this　paper,　the　variation　trend　and　driving　factors　of　GHG　emissions　from　Chinese　magnesium　production　were　evaluated　and　the　measures　of　technology　and　policy　for　effectively　mitigating　GHG　emissions　were　provided.　First,　the　energy-related　and　process-oriented　GHG　inventory　is　compiled　for　magnesium　production　in　China.　Then,　the　driving　forces　for　the　changes　of　the　energy-related　emission　were　analyzed　by　the　method　of　Logarithmic　Mean　Divisia　Index　(LMDI)　decomposition.　Results　demonstrated　that　Chinese　magnesium　output　from　2003　to　2013　increased　by　125%,　whereas　GHG　emissions　only　increased　by　16%.　The　emissions　caused　by　the　fuels　consumption　decline　most　significantly　(from　28.4　to　6.6　t　CO(2)eq/t　Mg)　among　all　the　emission　sources.　The　energy　intensity　and　the　energy　structure　were　the　main　offsetting　factors　for　the　increase　of　GHG　emissions,　while　the　scale　of　production　and　the　international　market　demand　were　the　main　contributors　for　the　total　increase.　Considering　the　improvement　of　technology　application　and　more　stringent　policy　measures,　the　annual　GHG　emissions　from　Chinese　primary　magnesium　production　will　be　controlled　within　22　million　tons　by　2020.