A　new　type　of　carbon　dots　(CD-Asp)　with　targeting　function　toward　brain　cancer　glioma　was　synthesized　via　a　straightforward　pyrolysis　route　by　using　a-glucose　and　L-aspartic　acid　as　starting　materials.　The　as-prepared　CD-Asp　exhibits　not　only　excellent　biocompatibility　and　tunable　full-color　emission,　but　also　significant　capability　of　targeting　C6　glioma　cells　without　the　aid　of　any　extra　targeting　molecules.　In　vivo　fluorescence　images　showed　high-contrast　biodistribution　of　CD-Asp　15　min　after　tail　vein　injection.　A　much　stronger　fluorescent　signal　was　detected　in　the　glioma　site　than　that　in　normal　brain,　indicating　their　ability　to　freely　penetrate　the　blood　brain　barrier　and　precisely　targeting　glioma　tissue.　However,　its　counterparts,　the　CDs　synthesized　from　a-glucose　(CD-G),　L-asparic　acid　(CD-A),　or　D-glucose　and　L-glutannic　acid　(CD-Glu)　have　no　or　low　selectivity　for　glioma.　Therefore,　CD-Asp　could　act　as　a　fluorescence　imaging　and　targeting　agent　for　noninvasive　glioma　diagnosis.　This　work　highlights　the　potential　application　of　CDs　for　constructing　an　intelligent　nanomedicine　with　integration　of　diagnostic,　targeting,　and　therapeutic　functions.