A　series　of　large-scale　shaking　table　tests　were　performed　to　investigate　the　damage　mechanisms　of　a　three-arch　type　subway　station　structure　in　a　liquefiable　soil　experiencing　strong　motions.　Methods　to　measure　the　displacement　included　the　vision-based　displacement　test　and　the　fiber　Bragg　grating　test　to　measure　the　strain　of　the　galvanized　steel　wire.　Sand　boils,　waterspouts,　ground　surface　cracks　and　settlements,　and　buoyancy　movement　of　the　model　structure　were　observed.　When　the　peak　excess　pore　pressure　ratios　dramatically　increased,　the　Arias　intensity　also　dramatically　increased.　The　peak　acceleration　of　the　model　soil　also　almost　coincided　with　liquefaction　of　the　model　soil.　The　seismic　responses　of　the　model　structure　and　the　soil　were　shown　to　be　more　sensitive　to　input　motions　with　larger　low-frequency　components,　the　phenomenon　of　high　frequency　filtering　and　low　frequency　amplification　effect　of　the　liquefied　soil　were　observed.　The　peak　tensile　strain　located　at　the　top　and　bottom　of　the　center　pillars　was　larger　than　that　obtained　at　the　subarch,　while　the　peak　tensile　strain　at　the　atrium　arch　was　the　smallest.　The　peak　strain　at　the　primary　and　secondary　observation　sections　were　remarkably　affected　by　the　spatial　effect.　The　results　can　provide　valuable　insight　into　the　seismic　investigation　of　these　subway　structures.