Objective　:　To　study　the　clinical　effect　of　bone　defect　treated　with　nano-hydroxyapatite(Nano-HA)　artificial　bone.　Methods　:　From　September　2009　to　June　2012,　27　cases　of　bone　defect　were　analyzed　retrospectively.　The　position　of　bone　defect　included　humerus,　radius,　ulna,　femur,　tibia　and　calcaneus.　The　range　of　bone　defect　was　from　0.3　x　1.0　cm　to　3　x　6.5　cm.　Among　them,　there　were　22　cases　with　fractures　and　5　cases　with　tumors.　All　patients　were　treated　with　Nano-HA　artificial　bone.　The　ability　of　bone　defect　repair　was　evaluated　by　X-ray　exams　performed　preoperatively　and　postoperatively.　HSS　scores　were　adopted　for　final　evaluation　at　the　latest　follow-up.　Results　:　The　patients　were　followed　up　from　11　to　26　months　(average　of　18.5　months).　No　general　side　effects　occurred.　X-ray　photo　showed　an　integrity　interface　between　Nano-HA　and　bone.　Primary　healing　was　obtained　in　all　cases　without　any　complication.　Conclusion　:　The　Nano-HA　artificial　bone　had　a　good　biocompatibility　and　could　be　an　ideal　artificial　bone　in　the　reconstruction　of　bone　defect.