With　the　development　of　various　imaging　techniques,　the　deformation-based　morphometry　(DBM)　method　provides　an　objective　automatic　examination　of　the　whole　brain.　This　study　aims　to　assess　the　abnormalities　in　the　brains　of　first-episode　schizophrenia　(FES)　patients　treated　with　quetiapine　using　another　advanced　nonrigid　registration　method,　hierarchical　attribute　matching　mechanism　for　elastic　registration,　through　the　application　of　DBM　in　the　entire　brain.　Thirty　FES　patients　and　30　normal　controls　were　grouped　by　age　and　handedness　and　subjected　to　magnetic　resonance　imaging　examination.　The　patients　had　relatively　short　durations　of　untreated　psychosis　(DUP;　6.4　+/-　5.2　months),　and　only　a　single　antipsychotic　drug,　quetiapine　(dosage,　200　+/-　75　mg),　was　used　for　treatment.　Statistically　significant　changes　in　regional　volume　were　analyzed　via　DBM.　In　addition,　a　voxel-wise　analysis　of　correlations　between　the　duration　of　treatment　or　dosage　and　volume　was　also　performed.　Compared　with　control　subjects,　FES　patients　showed　contracted　regions　located　in　Brodmann　area　(BA)　42　and　BA　19.　By　contrast,　expanded　regions　were　observed　in　BA　38,　BA　21,　BA　6　and　8,　and　left　cerebellum.　A　negative　correlation　was　observed　between　dosage　and　volume　in　the　hippocampus,　while　a　positive　correlation　was　found　in　the　caudate.　Meanwhile,　a　negative　correlation　was　observed　between　duration　of　treatment　and　volume　in　BA　38.　Both　regional　volume　reductions　and　increases　were　detected　in　the　brains　of　FES　patients　treated　with　quetiapine　compared　with　healthy　control　subjects.　Such　differences　may　be　partially　relevant　to　dosage　and　treatment　duration　in　clinic.