The　on-road　vehicular　emission　in　China　from　1999　to　2011　was　estimated,　based　on　the　emission　factors　of　vehicles　with　different　emission　standards　calculated　by　the　COPERT　model.　The　CO,　NMVOC,　NOX,　BC　and　OC　emissions　changed　from　19.7　Tg,　4.4　Tg,　23　Tg,　47.1　Gg　and　74.4　Gg　in　1999　to　32.7　Tg,　4.1　Tg,　7.6　Tg,　177.6　Gg　and　101.5　Gg　in　2011,　respectively.　The　general　trend　for　CO,　NOX　and　BC　was　increasing,　while　the　tendency　for　NMVOC　and　OC　was　firstly　increase　before　2002　and　then　decrease　from　2003.　The　spatial　analysis　results　showed　that　high　emissions　occurred　in　developed　provinces　(Guangdong,　Shandong,　Hebei,　Jiangsu　and　Henan).　The　correlation　between　vehicular　emissions　and　GDP　were　further　investigated　and　good　linear　correlation　was　found.　The　not-obvious　change　of　the　inter-annual　(1999-2011)　fitted　straight　line　slope　and　the　sustained　increasing　emissions　for　NOX　and　BC　suggested　that　the　challenge　of　mitigating　vehicular　NOX　and　BC　emissions　is　severe　in　China.　The　contribution　from　different　vehicle　types　was　also　analyzed.　Passenger　car　(PC)　and　motorcycle　(MC)　was　the　main　contributor　to　the　CO　and　NMVOC　emissions.　However,　the　contribution　ratio　of　MC　was　decreasing　from　36.6%　and　68.8%　in　1999　to　15.7%　and　25.7%　in　2011.　Heavy　duty　truck　(HDT)　was　the　dominant　contributor　to　NOX,　BC　and　OC,　with　proportions　of　58.9%,　57.6%　and　52.8%　in　2011,　respectively.　In　addition,　the　uncertainty　of　the　estimated　emissions　was　also　assessed　based　on　the　Monte　Carlo　simulation.　(C)　2014　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.