Percutaneous　thermal　ablation　has　been　widely　used　as　a　minimally　invasive　treatment　for　tumors.　Treatment　monitoring　is　essential　for　preventing　complications　while　ensuring　treatment　efficacy.　Mechanical　testing　measurements　on　tissue　reveal　that　tissue　stiffness　increases　with　temperature　and　ablation　duration.　Different　types　of　imaging　methods　can　be　used　to　monitor　ablation　procedures,　including　temperature　or　thermal　strain　imaging,　strain　imaging,　modulus　imaging,　and　shear　modulus　imaging.　Ultrasound　elastography　demonstrates　the　potential　to　become　the　primary　imaging　modality　for　monitoring　percutaneous　ablation.　This　review　briefly　presented　the　state-of-the-art　ultrasound　elastography　approaches　for　monitoring　radiofrequency　ablation　and　microwave　ablation.　These　techniques　were　divided　into　four　groups:　quasi-static　elastography,　acoustic　radiation　force　elastography,　sonoelastography,　and　applicator　motion　elastography.　Their　advantages　and　limitations　were　compared　and　discussed.　Future　developments　were　proposed　with　respect　to　heat-induced　bubbles,　tissue　inhomogeneities,　respiratory　motion,　three-dimensional　monitoring,　multi-parametric　monitoring,　real-time　monitoring,　experimental　data　center　for　percutaneous　ablation,　and　microwave　ablation　monitoring.