The　objective　of　our　work　was　to　investigate　the　influence　of　Fasudil,　a　Rho　inhibitor　on　the　number　and　function　of　the　late　endothelial　progenitor　cells　in　peripheral　blood　of　chronic　obstructive　pulmonary　diseases　(COPD)　patients　with　pulmonary　artery　hypertension.　Eighty　COPD　patients　with　pulmonary　artery　hypertension　were　selected　and　divided　into　two　groups:　the　treatment　group　and　the　control　group,　which　had　40　patients　respectively.　The　control　group　received　routine　treatment,　including　oxygen　uptake,　anti-infection　and　phlegm　dissolving.　The　treatment　group　received　the　Fasudil　in　addition　to　the　routine　treatment.　The　changes　on　the　number　and　function　of　the　late　endothelial　progenitor　cells　in　peripheral　blood　of　the　patients　before　and　after　the　treatment　were　compared　between　the　two　groups.　The　changes　on　the　pulmonary　artery　pressure　were　also　compared.　The　number　of　the　late　endothelial　progenitor　cells　in　peripheral　blood　of　the　treatment　group　increased　and　the　function　was　enhanced.　The　pulmonary　artery　pressure　was　reduced.　The　difference　before　and　after　the　treatment　and　with　the　control　group　was　statistically　significant　(p＜0.05).　The　changes　on　the　number　and　function　of　the　late　endothelial　progenitor　cells　in　peripheral　blood　and　the　pulmonary　artery　pressure　before　and　after　the　treatment　of　the　control　group　were　not　statistically　significant　(p＞0.05).　The　Rho-kinase　inhibitor　Fasudil　increased　the　number　and　enhanced　the　function　of　the　late　endothelial　progenitor　cells　in　peripheral　blood　of　COPD　patients　with　pulmonary　artery　hypertension.　(C)　2014　Association　of　Basic　Medical　Sciences　of　FB&H.　All　rights　reserved