Clinically,　electroacupuncture　is　proved　to　be　an　effective　therapy　for　vascular　dementia;　however,　their　mechanisms　remain　uncertain.　The　aim　of　the　current　study　was　to　investigate　the　mechanism　of　electroacupuncture　therapy　for　vascular　dementia.　One　month　after　a　vascular　dementia　animal　model　was　established　by　bilateral　occlusion　of　common　carotid　arteries,　electroacupuncture　treatment　was　given　at　＂Baihui＂　(DU20),　＂Dazhui＂　(DU14),　and　＂Shenshu＂　(BL23).　Morris　water　maze　was　used　to　assess　the　learning　and　memory　ability　of　rats.　Western　blot　assay　was　performed　to　detect　the　expression　of　mammalian　target　of　rapamycin　(mTOR)　and　eukaryotic　translation　initiation　factor　4E　(eIF4E)　in　hippocampus　of　rats.　Morris　water　maze　test　showed　that　electroacupuncture　improved　the　learning　ability　of　vascular　dementia　rats.　Western　blot　assay　revealed　that　the　expression　level　of　mTOR　and　eIF4E　in　the　electroacupuncture　group　and　sham-operated　group　was　higher　than　that　in　the　vascular　dementia　group　(P　＜　0.05).　In　conclusion,　the　decreasing　expression　of　mTOR　and　eIF4E　plays　important　roles　in　the　pathogenesis　of　vascular　dementia.　Electroacupuncture　improves　learning　and　memory　ability　by　up-regulating　expression　of　mTOR　and　eIF4E　in　the　hippocampus　of　vascular　dementia　rats.