Composites　of　few-layer　transition　metal　oxides　and　graphene　nanosheets　with　strong　interfacial　connection　hold　great　promise　as　high-performance　anodes　for　lithium-ion　batteries,　but　it　is　highly　challenging　to　realize　full　interfacial　properties.　Herein,　we　report　an　ultra-refined　layer-by-layer　mesoporous　CoO/reduced　graphene　oxide　(CoO/RGO)　architecture　synthesized　via　a　facile　method.　The　CoO/RGO　has　stacked　interfaces　between　the　CoO　nanosheets　and　the　graphene　nanosheets　via　Co-O-C　bonds,　which　has　been　proposed　to　have　an　important　role　in　achieving　excellent　performance　in　lithium　ion　batteries　with　high　initial　capacity　and　good　rate　capability.　It　is　shown　that　the　CoO/RGO　exhibits　a　high　initial　discharge　capacity　of　2189.4　mAh　g(-1)　at　a　current　density　of　100　mA　g(-1).　Furthermore,　the　CoO/RGO　exhibits　a　high　reversible　capacity　retention　of　70%　after　prolonged　300　cycles　at　a　high　rate　of　2　A　g(-1).　Significantly,　it　delivers　an　ultrahigh　reversible　capacity　of　1167　mAh　g(-1)　at　5　A　g(-1)　with　an　excellent　reversible　capacity　retention　of　76%　over　40　cycles.　(C)　2020　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.