A　novel　microbial　fuel　cell　(MFC)　anode　is　fabricated　by　electrochemically　reducing　graphene　oxide　(ERGNO)　first　and　coating　polyaniline　(PANI)　nano-fibers　afterward　on　the　surface　of　carbon　cloth　(CC).　ERGNO/CC　is　prepared　using　an　electrochemical　synthesis　method　reducing　graphene　oxide　by　cyclic　voltammetry　(CV)　in　phosphate　buffer　solution　(PBS,　pH　=　6.9).　Combining　the　advantages　of　PANI　and　ERGNO,　PANI-ERGNO/CC　yields　a　maximum　power　density　of　1390　mW　m(-2)　when　used　as　the　MFC　anode,　which　is　3　times　larger　than　that　of　the　MFC　with　the　CC　anode.　The　electrodes　are　characterized　by　scanning　electron　microscopy　(SEM)　and　Raman　spectroscopy.　The　electrochemical　activities　have　been　investigated　by　CV　and　electrochemical　impedance　spectroscopy　(EIS).　The　great　improvement　is　attributed　to　the　fact　that　graphene　not　only　serves　as　a　highly　conductive　support　material,　but　also　provides　large　surface　for　PANI.　High　conductivity　and　large　specific　surface　area　greatly　improve　the　charge　transfer　efficiency　and　the　bacterial　biofilm　loading.　In　this　work,　a　practical　and　promising　synthesis　method　is　developed　to　fabricate　high-performance　MFC　anodes.　(C)　2012　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.