With　its　excellent　anticorrosion　and　biocompatibility,　tantalum,　as　a　promising　endosseous　implant　or　implant　coating,　is　attracting　more　and　more　attention.　For　improving　physicochemical　property　and　biocompatibility,　the　research　of　tantalum　surface　modification　has　increased.　Tantalum　oxide　(Ta2O5)　nanotube　films　can　be　produced　on　tantalum　by　controlling　the　conditions　of　anodization　and　annealing.　The　objective　of　our　present　study　was　to　investigate　the　influence　of　Ta2O5　nanotube　films　on　pure　tantalum　properties　related　with　anticorrosion,　protein　adsorption,　and　biological　function　of　rabbit　bone　mesenchymal　stem　cells　(rBMSCs).　The　polarization　curve　was　measured,　the　adsorption　of　bovine　serum　albumin　and　fibronectin　to　Ta2O5　nanotubes　was　detected,　and　the　morphology　and　actin　cytoskeletons　of　the　rBMSCs　were　observed　via　fluorescence　microscopy,　and　the　adhesion　and　proliferation　of　the　rBMSCs,　as　well　as　the　osteogenic　differentiation　potential　on　tantalum　specimens,　were　examined　quantificationally　by　MTT　and　real-time　PCR　technology.　The　results　showed　that　Ta2O5　nanotube　films　have　high　anticorrosion　capability　and　can　increase　the　protein　adsorption　to　tantalum　and　promote　the　adhesion,　proliferation,　and　differentiation　of　rBMSCs,　as　well　as　the　mRNA　expression　of　osteogenic　gene　such　as　Osterix,　ALP,　Collagen-I,　and　Osteocalcin　on　tantalum.　This　study　suggests　that　Ta2O5　nanotube　films　can　improve　the　anticorrosion,　biocompatibility,　and　osteoinduction　of　pure　tantalum,　which　provides　the　theoretical　elaboration　for　development　of　tantalum　endosseous　implant　or　implant　coating　to　a　certain　extent.