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High aspect-ratio transparent titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube arrays (TNAs) have been fabricated via anodizing titanium (Ti) thin films deposited by direct current magnetic sputtering at 400 degrees C. Anodization was conducted in glycol electrolyte containing 0.3 wt.% NH4F and 2 vol.% deionized (DI) water, and the anodizing voltage was 60 V. High aspect-ratio TNAs with thickness of 12 mu m were achieved after the Ti films were anodized for 5 h. The as-formed TNAs were amorphous and had been transferred into anatase after heat treatment at 500 degrees C for 2 h. The annealed transparent TNAs present an excellent transmittance property. The solar cells constructed by our transparent TNAs show excellent performance in dye sensitized solar cells and yield power conversion efficiency of 4.38% under AM 1.5. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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