With　the　design　and　development　of　the　first　fully　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　(assembled　structure)　in　Changchun,　China　as　the　engineering　background,　large-scale　shaking　table　tests　were　carried　out　on　the　new　single-arch　and　long-span　assembled　structure　and　the　traditional　cast-in-place　subway　station　structure　(cast-in-place　structure).　Based　on　the　seismic　response　of　the　cast-in-place　structure,　the　seismic　performance　of　the　assembled　structure　was　studied　in　detail　using　the　comparative　analysis　method.　The　variation　trend　and　range　of　the　natural　vibration　frequency　and　damping　ratio　of　the　two　structure　model　systems　were　basically　the　same;　the　surface　settlement　of　the　assembled　structure　model　was　0.7　cm　less　than　the　cast-in-place　structure　and　the　damage　of　the　assembled　structure　was　more　serious.　The　graded　evaluation　comparison　of　the　video　surveillance　showed　that　the　integrity　and　rigidity　of　the　cast-in-place　structure　were　better　than　those　of　the　assembled　structure.　The　comparative　analysis　of　seismic　response　between　model　soil　and　model　structure　showed　that　the　seismic　energy　absorption　performance　of　the　assembled　structure　was　better　but　the　deformation　resistance　performance　was　slightly　lower　than　the　cast-in-place　structure.　Under　E2　and　E3　earthquakes,　the　damage　and　deformation　of　the　assembled　structure　were　still　in　a　safe　and　controllable　small　range.　It　was　predicted　that　in　the　case　of　an　ultimate　earthquake　(＞＞　E3),　the　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　would　degenerate　into　a　three-hinged　arch　mechanism　to　maintain　relative　stability,　and　it　was　not　easy　to　cause　an　overall　collapse　and　other　serious　damage　situations　compared　with　the　traditional　cast-in-place　structure.　The　comparative　analysis　of　the　performances　of　the　two　structure　types　in　shaking　table　tests　showed　that　the　seismic　performance　indexes　of　the　single-arch　and　long-span　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　met　the　design　requirements.