One　dimensional　ferroelectric　nanostructure　is　noteworthy　for　their　size-dependent　dielectric,　piezoelectric,　and　electro-optic　properties　with　corresponding　applications　in　smart　devices　such　as　transducers,　actuators,　and　high-k　dielectrics　at　the　nanoscale.　Due　to　their　extremely　small　size　and　anisotropy,　the　control　of　nucleation　and　growth　of　one　dimensional　nanostructure　materials　is　still　a　big　challenge.　Sol-gel-hydrothermal　chemistry　combines　both　the　merits　of　sol-gel　and　hydrothermal　technique,　which　offers　a　very　useful　tool　for　low-temperature　synthesis　of　the　ferroelectric　nanowires.　In　this　paper,　we　will　review　recent　works　devoted　to　the　synthesis　of　Bi-based　complex　perovskite　nanowires,　i.e.　Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3,　K0.5Bi0.5TiO3,　(K0.5Bi0.5)(0.4)Ba0.6TiO3　and　(Na-0.8　K-0.2)(0.5)Bi0.5TiO3　systems.　We　will　focus　on　the　formation　mechanism　and　morphology　evolution　of　nanowires　prepared　in　sol-gel-hydrothermal　process.　Moreover,　due　to　the　good　sinterability　of　the　nanowires,　the　high-densified　single-phase　ceramic　can　be　fabricated　even　by　a　conventional　sintering　process.