Objective:　To　investigate　the　repairing　ability　of　nano-hydroxyapatite/recombinant　human　bone　morphogenetic　protein-2　(Nano-HA/rhBMP-2)　composite　artificial　bone　for　bone　defect　and　to　provide　evidence　for　its　application　in　clinical　repair　of　bone　defect.　Methods:　The　animal　model　of　bone　defect　was　made　on　unilateral　radius　of　90　New　Zealand　white　rabbits,　which　were　randomly　divided　into　experimental　group　(group　A,　bone　defect　was　repaired　with　Nano-HA/rhBMP-2　composite　artificial　bone),　control　group　(group　B,　bone　defect　was　repaired　with　Nano-HA　artificial　bone),　and　blank　group　(group　C,　bone　defect　was　unrepaired).　The　repairing　ability　for　bone　defect　was　evaluated　by　gross　observation,　X-ray　examination,　scanning　electron　microscope,　radionuclide　bone　imaging　and　biomechanical　analysis　at　4＜SUth＜/SU,　8＜SUth＜/SU,　and　12th　week　postoperatively.　Results:　Both　Nano-HA/rhBMP-2　composite　artificial　bone　and　Nano-HA　artificial　bone　could　stimulate　new　bone　formation,　but　the　former　could　stimulate　more　new　bone　formation　and　had　better　repairing　ability　for　bone　defect　than　that　of　the　latter,　with　statistically　significant　difference　(P　＜　0.05).　Conclusion:　Nano-HA/rhBMP-2　composite　artificial　bone　has　good　repairing　ability　for　bone　defect　and　it　is　hopeful　to　become　an　ideal　repairing　material　for　bone　defect.