This　study　evaluates　the　osteoconductive　property　of　nano-hydroxyapatite　(nano-HA)　material　and　the　potential　application　of　nano-HA　as　artificial　bone　in　repairing　bone　defects,　and　tries　to　analyse　the　scientific　explanation　of　these.　The　animal　model　of　bone　defects　is　made　on　the　bilateral　radius　of　39　New　Zealand　white　rabbits,　which　are　divided　into　an　experimental　group　(the　bone　defect　is　repaired　with　nano-HA　artificial　bone),　a　control　group　(the　bone　defect　is　repaired　with　HA　artificial　bone)　and　a　blank　group　(the　defect　is　empty)　randomly.　The　bone　conduction　function　of　different　materials　is　evaluated　by　gross　observation,　alkaline　phosphatase　(ALP)　detection　in　serum,　histopathological　study,　X-ray　examination,　scanning　electron　microscopy　(SEM)　and　biomechanical　analysis　at　the　4th,　8th　and　12th　week　postoperatively.　The　experimental　group　is　found　to　stimulate　more　bony　callus　than　the　control　and　blank　groups.　These　differences　in　bone　conduction　function　are　statistically　significant　(P　＜　0.05).　In　conclusion,　nano-HA　artificial　bone　can　be　potentially　applied　to　the　treatment　of　bone　defects.