The　single-crystalline　perovskite-like　oxide　La2-xSxCuO4　(x　=　0,　1)　nano/mircoparticles　with　spindle-,　rod-,　and　short　chain-like　morphologies　were　synthesized　with　spindle-like　single-crystalline　CuO,　plate-like　single-crystalline　La2O3,　and　nitrates　as　metal　source　by　hydrothermal　treatment　and　calcination.　Physiochemical　properties　of　these　materials　were　characterized　by　X-ray　diffraction,　scanning　electron　microscopy,　transmission　electron　microscopy,　selected　area　electron　diffraction,　X-ray　photoelectron　spectroscopy,　hydrogen　temperature-programmed　reduction,　oxygen　temperature-programmed　desorption,　and　specific　surface　area　measurements.　The　catalytic　performance　of　the　single-crystalline　perovskite-like　oxides　with　specific　morphologies　for　methane　combustion　was　also　examined.　It　is　shown　that　the　partial　doping　of　Sr　to　the　La2CuO4　lattice　increased　the　surface　adsorbed　oxygen　amount,　Cu3+　content,　and　reducibility.　Under　the　conditions　of　space　velocity　of　50　000　ml/(g.h)　and　CH4/O-2　molar　ratio　of　1/10,　the　LaSrCuO4　prepared　hydrothermally　with　nitrates　of　lanthanum,　strontium,　and　copper　as　metal　source　exhibited　the　highest　catalytic　activity,　giving　a　methane　consumption　rate　of　up　to　40.9　mmol/(g.h)　at　675　degrees　C.　Such　an　excellent　catalytic　performance　may　be　associated　with　its　higher　surface　oxygen　vacancy　concentration,　unique　single-crystal　line　structure,　and　specific　surface　morphology.