Neuroinflammation　has　been　implicated　in　the　etiology　of　Alzheimer＇s　disease　(AD).　Many　studies　have　suggested　that　C(-889)　T　promoter　polymorphism　in　one　of　the　proinflammatory　cytokine　interleukin-1　(IL-1)　encoding　gene　IL-1A　may　be　associated　with　AD　pathogenesis.　To　determine　whether　the　polymorphism　contributes　to　the　risk　for　late-onset　AD　(LOAD)　in　Chinese,　we　carried　out　our　investigation　in　344　sporadic　LOAD　patients　and　224　healthy　controls.　No　statistical　significant　association　was　obtained　between　IL-1A　C(-889)　T　polymorphism　and　LOAD　and　no　statistical　difference　was　found　between　cases　and　controls　after　stratification　for　apolipoprotein　E　allele　4　(APOE　epsilon　4)　status.　The　results　reveal　that　it　is　not　likely　that　the　IL-1A　C(-889)　T　polymorphism　is　involved　in　AD　pathogenesis　in　the　Chinese　population.　Further　studies　of　the　associations　between　other　IL-1A　genetic　polymorphisms　and　AD　should　be　performed　in　a　larger　population　and　biologic　functional　analysis　of　IL-1A　gene　is　required　to　verify　the　underlying　roles　of　IL-IA　in　LOAD.