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Off-axis electron holography was used to investigate the barrier profile of the Py/AlOx/ZrOy/Py magnetic tunnel junctions with different ZrOy thicknesses. The tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) has a strong dependence on bias voltage and the bias voltage for maximum TMR is shifted from zero. This shift increases with ZrOy barrier thickness due to the increasing barrier asymmetry in the junctions. The evolution of barrier asymmetry was directly observed by the phase change of the off-axis electron holography, which unambiguously shows the barrier profile changes from triangular to trapezoidal shape as increasing of ZrOy thickness.
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