Three　kinds　of　ultra-fine　Ce2O(CO3)(2)center　dot　H2O　powders　with　different　morphologies　were　prepared　by　adding　CTAB,　PEG19000　and　OP-10　to　a　solution　of　Ce2O　(NO3)(3)center　dot　6H(2)O　and　urea　according　to　the　principle　and　the　characteristics　of　the　homogeneous　precipitation　method.　The　products　were　characterized　by　TEM　and　XRD.　The　results　showed　that　the　precursor　was　a　single　crystal,　and　that　different　surfactants　had　different　influences　on　the　morphology　of　the　products.　The　cationic　surfactant　CTAB　had　little　effect　on　crystal　morphology　merely　reducing　its　size.　Nonionic　surfactants　PEG19000　and　OP-10　are　both　able　to　change　the　crystal　morphology　to　a　much　greater　extent.　Adding　PEG19000　produces　an　array　of　rod-like　particles　with　ordered　formation　and　uniform　dimension.　Meanwhile,　in　the　system　of　OP-10,　a　sort　of　flower-like　pattern　with　a　dispersed　center　can　be　prepared.　The　formations　of　ultra-fine　Ce2O(CO3)(2)center　dot　H2O　powders　with　different　morphologies　occured　because　of　the　mechanism　of　formation　and　grain　growth.