The　Nd-doped　BaTiO3　nanocrystalline　powders　and　ceramics　with　different　Ti/Ba　ratios　were　prepared　by　sol-gel　method.　Phases　and　microstructures　of　the　Nd-doped　BaTiO3　based　powders　and　ceramics　were　characterized　by　XRD,　SEM　and　TEM　methods.　The　results　revealed　that　the　powders　synthesized　by　sol-gel　method　were　nanometer　scale　(30-60　nm)　and　were　mainly　composed　of　cubic　BaTiO3　with　a　small　amount　of　BaCO3.　After　sintering　at　high　temperature,　both　cubic　BaTiO3　and　BaCO3　were　transformed　into　tetrahedron　BaTiO3　phase.　The　dielectric　properties　of　the　ceramics　were　also　determined　and　the　influence　of　Ti/Ba　ratio　on　the　dielectric　properties　was　discussed.　The　T-c　did　not　change　with　the　variation　of　Ti/Ba　ratio,　while　the　epsilon(max)　increased　firstly　and　then　decreased.　The　excess　TiO2　is　benefit　for　the　modification　of　ceramics＇　microstructure　and　dielectric　properties.