The　developing　and　utilizing　of　the　renewable　energy　in　the　field　of　the　building　air　conditioning　is　one　of　the　effective　environmental　protection　ways.　This　paper　conducts　the　comprehensive　environmental　impact　assessment　of　an　absorption　solar-ground　source　heat　pump(ASGSHP)　and　a　vapor　compression　ground　source　heat　pump(VGSHP)　using　the　life　cycle　assessment　(LCA)　method.　The　three　stages　in　the　whole　life　cycle,　i.e.,　the　manufacturing,　transportation/installation　and　operation　phase　of　these　two　systems　which　meet　the　cooling　demand　of　an　office　building　in　Beijing　are　analyzed,　respectively.　The　comprehensive　environmental　assessment　indexes　including　the　pollutant　emissions,　the　global　warming　potential(GWP),　the　acidification　potential　(AP),　the　dust　potential　and　the　environmental　impact　load(EIL)　in　the　whole　life　cycle　of　the　two　systems　are　calculated　and　compared　with　each　other.　The　environmental　impact　load,　GWP,　AP　and　the　dust　potential　of　the　ASGSHP　can　be　reduced　by　42.20　%,　38.66　%,　45.73　%,　42.71　%　compared　with　the　VGSHP,　respectively.　The　research　results　can　provide　the　basic　data　and　theoretical　guidance　for　the　further　development　and　utilization　of　the　GSHP　system.