This　paper　focuses　on　improvement　of　structural　seismic　performance　under　earthquakes　of　different　intensities　using　a　large　mass　ratio　multiple　tuned　mass　damper　(LMTMD).　A　thermal　power　plant　was　taken　as　the　example,　and　the　plant　was　modeled　using　the　finite　element　software　ABAQUS.　Coal　buckets,　which　comprised　29.2%　of　the　total　mass　of　the　structure,　were　used　as　the　mass　of　the　LMTMD.　Thus,　a　large　mass　ratio　was　easily　achieved　without　adding　any　extra　mass.　Incremental　dynamic　analysis　was　used　to　investigate　the　seismic　fragility　of　the　structures,　and　the　seismic　performances　of　the　structure　equipped　with　the　LMTMD　and　the　original　structure　were　compared.　The　damping　effectiveness　and　the　control　reliability　of　the　LMTMD　were　evaluated.　The　fragility　curves　show　that　under　rare　earthquakes,　the　LMTMD　reduced　the　probability　of　the　moderate　damage　limit　state　by　43.9%,　and　under　extremely　rare　earthquakes,　the　LMTMD　exhibited　good　control　robustness　and　reduced　the　probability　of　the　severe　damage　limit　state　by　25.1%.　Furthermore,　the　LMTMD　could　control　the　deformation　pattern　of　the　structure　and　effectively　reduced　concentrated　damage,　especially　under　high-intensity　ground　motions;　specifically,　it　reduced　the　average　value　of　the　interstory　drift　ratio　by　1.2%-12%　and　reduced　the　standard　deviation　of　the　interstory　drift　ratio　by　15%-62%.　These　results　indicate　that　the　LMTMD　significantly　improved　the　seismic　performance　of　the　structure　with　satisfactory　reliability.