With　the　continuous　development　of　modern　information　technology,　the　use　of　scientific　and　technological　literature　data　is　increasing,　among　which　semi-structured　data　accounts　for　a　large　proportion,　and　it　has　the　characteristics　of　large　quantity　and　extensive　growth.　Therefore,　distributed　database　has　been　widely　applied.　At　the　same　time,　the　optimization　algorithm　for　distributed　database　becomes　the　research　hot　spot.　However,　when　using　optimization　algorithm　to　solve　problems,　researchers　have　not　fully　solved　the　limitations　of　optimization　algorithm.　In　order　to　improve　the　retrieval　speed　of　distributed　database,　this　paper　combined　with　the　global　optimization　ability　of　ant　colony　algorithm　and　the　local　optimization　ability　of　simulated　annealing　algorithm,　the　DDQO　algorithm　is　proposed.　At　the　same　time,　this　paper　conducted　a　control　experimental　on　the　DDQO　algorithm.　Experimental　results　show　that　the　DDQO　algorithm　is　superior　to　ant　colony　algorithm　and　simulated　annealing　algorithm,　it　increase　the　query　speed　of　distributed　database　by　24%.