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For the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), a hierarchical model predictive control (H-MPC) strategy is proposed. In the proposed strategy, an upper-level MPC controller is designed to optimize the power splitting ratio (PSR) between the PEMFC and battery pack, and a predictable power profile is considered further to smooth the power requirement from the PEMFC. For the lower-level MPC controller, it is used to realize the tracking of maximum PEMFC net output power, by optimizing oxygen excessive ratio (OER). A portion of the US06 driving cycle is adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, four combinations of H-MPC controller are compared in view of with/without the terminal weight and predictable power profile. Simulation results demonstrate that up to 9.57% equivalent fuel consumption is expected.
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