The　structure　of　the　polycarboxylate　superplasticizer　(PCE)　and　the　relationship　between　the　structure　and　the　performance　of　PCE　were　summarized　and　analyzed.　Based　on　these　results　achieved　so　far,　the　consensus　and　the　unified　opinions　were　presented　while　the　ambiguous　and　contradictory　points　were　compared　and　discussed.　Furthermore,　the　different　effect　on　performance　caused　by　different　structure　such　as　side　chain　length,　degree　of　polymerization,　side　chain　density,　functional　group　were　discussed　systematically.　Finally　the　existing　problems　and　the　measures　to　be　taken　in　the　future　were　proposed.