Wireless　Sensor　Network　(WSN)　is　used　for　such　tasks　as　surveillance,　widespread　environmental　sampling,　security,　and　health　monitoring　widely.　In　this　paper,　a　WSNs　topology　is　proposed　for　lightning　monitoring　of　distribution　lines,　which　decides　the　number　of　nodes,　routing　protocol　and　power　efficiency.　The　WSNs　is　deployed　along　the　distribution　line　with　nodes　mounted　on　tall　towers,　which　is　used　to　monitor　the　lightning　activities　and　accomplish　fault　diagnosis.　At　last,　a　monitoring　system　based　on　WSN　is　fabricated.