In　single　roll　rapid　quenching　molding,　especially　for　the　preparation　of　amorphous　ribbons　and　rare　earth　permanent　magnetic　materials,　the　chilling　roll　is　an　extremely　important　component　of　the　preparation　equipment.　However,　frequent　repair　of　the　roll　is　not　conducive　to　continuous　large-scale　production　because　of　its　poor　thermal　fatigue　resistance.　Molybdenum　is　gradually　being　used　as　chilling　roll　material　in　some　applications,　and　in　the　present　paper　a　new　approach　to　study　the　thermal　fatigue　resistance　of　molybdenum　is　based　on　laser　pulse　irradiation　on　the　molybdenum　surface.　A　new　designed　device　effectively　prevents　the　molybdenum　to　be　oxidized　during　the　laser　heating　test.　The　experiments　of　thermal　fatigue　damage　on　molybdenum　were　conducted　by　the　high　power　laser.　The　results　shows　that　the　fatigue　cracks　had　been　propagated　in　the　irradiated　region　after　the　specimen　was　loaded　by　200　times　pulsed　laser　heating.　There　is　a　greater　crack　density　in　the　laser　heating　brim　region　than　in　the　center　of　the　irradiated　region.　According　to　the　transgranular　mode　of　crack　propagation　in　the　laser　heating　brim　region　and　intergranular　mode　in　the　center　of　the　irradiated　region,　the　maximum　stress　took　place　at　the　intersection　region　due　to　the　great　temperature　gradient　in　the　laser　heating　brim　region.　Continued　basis-oriented　experiments　are　planned,　regarding　the　mechanism　of　thermal　fatigue　crack　initiation　and　propagation　for　chilling　roll　materials.