Thin　cylindrical　shells　are　widely　used　in　modern　structures.　When　the　structures　are　under　axial　compression,　inflectional　destruction　happens　early.　In　order　to　design　reasonable　and　reliable　shell　structures,　stiffened　cylindrical　shells　are　applied　in　the　dissertation,　ANSYS,　an　valid　finite　element　analysis　software,　is　employed　to　redevelop　and　set　up　parameter　calculation　model,　subjected　to　volume　and　variables　value　range　restriction,　the　structure＇s　critical　buckling　load　is　the　objective,　and　the　serial　linear　programming　optimization　procedure　is　executed　as　well　as　the　optimized　thickness　of　shell　and　the　size　of　stiffeners　are　gained　accordingly.　The　critical　buckling　load　of　the　structure　is　obviously　increased　after　optimization,　and　the　feasibility　of　this　method　is　validated　due　to　the　comparison　with　the　numerical　and　theoretical　result.