Cities　play　a　key　role　in　making　carbon　emission　reduction　targets　achievable　and　tackling　air　pollution.　Using　Guangzhou　city　as　a　case,　this　paper　explored　the　air　quality　and　health　co-benefits　of　peaking　carbon　dioxide　emissions　under　three　scenarios　and　developed　an　integrated　assessment　framework　by　combining　a　local　air　pollutant　emission　inventory,　an　atmospheric　chemistry　transport　model,　and　a　health　assessment　model.　The　results　showed　that　SO2,　PM10,　and　PM2.5　could　achieve　larger　emission　reductions　than　NH3,　VOCs,　and　NOx　among　all　the　scenarios　we　examined.　Under　the　enhanced　peaking　scenario　with　the　most　stringent　mitigation　strategies,　Guangzhou　could　meet　the　local　ambient　air　quality　standard　for　PM2.5　(34 μg/m3),　with　the　most　reduction　observed　in　the　annual　average　PM2.5　concentration　(28.4%)　and　related　premature　deaths　(17.08%),　compared　with　the　base　year　2015.　We　also　identified　hotspot　grids,　which　were　areas　with　high　concentrations　of　carbon　emissions,　high　concentrations　of　air　pollution　and　poor　air　quality　in　Guangzhou.　Our　analysis　highlighted　the　importance　of　promoting　peaking　carbon　dioxide　emission　for　the　improvement　of　air　quality　and　public　health　at　the　city　level.