Due　to　rotation　inertia　damper　(PID)　having　a　small　physical　mass　and　providing　a　larger　damping　force,　it　was　proposed　to　be　used　in　mega-structure　systems　to　form　a　new　RID-mega-substructure　energy-dissipating　control　system.　The　vibration　differential　equation　of　the　new　RID-mega-substructure　energy-dissipating　control　system　was　established　to　analyze　the　influence　law　of　RID　parameters　including　equivalent　mass　and　equivalent　damping　coefficient　on　dynamic　characteristics　of　the　new　system.　Then,　the　aseismic　performance　of　the　new　system　was　studied　from　two　aspects　of　structural　time　history　response　and　random　response.　The　study　results　showed　that　RID　parameters　can　have　different　effects　on　natural　frequencies　and　damping　ratios　of　the　new　system;　compared　with　a　mega-substructure　aseismic　system,　the　new　RID-mega-substructure　energy-dissipating　control　system　can　effectively　reduce　seismic　responses　of　a　structural　system　under　earthquake;　the　results　can　provide　suggestions　for　aseismic　design　of　mega-structure　systems.　©　2021,　Editorial　Office　of　Journal　of　Vibration　and　Shock.　All　right　reserved.