In　the　process　of　water　treatment,　excessive　nitrogen　and　phosphorus　pollutants　are　of　great　concern.　Therefore,　we　prepared　nanoscale　zerovalent　iron　loaded　on　sediment-based　biochar　(nZVI-SBC)　to　conduct　nitrate　and　phosphate　removal　at　the　same　time.　The　characterization　demonstrated　that　nZVI-SBC　was　successfully　synthesized,　which　had　obvious　advantages　for　larger　specific　surface　area　and　better　dispersion　compared　with　pure　nZVI.　The　batch　experiments　indicated　that　the　best　loading　ratio　of　nZVI　to　SBC　and　optimum　dosage　for　nitrate　and　phosphate　were　1:1and　2　g　L-1,　respectively.　Their　removal　by　nZVI-SBC　was　an　acid-driven　process.　Anoxic　environment　was　more　conducive　to　the　reduction　of　nitrate　while　the　phosphate　removal　was　fond　of　oxygen　environment.　A　total　of　77.78%　of　nitrate　and　99.21%　of　phosphate　have　been　successfully　removed,　mainly　depending　on　reduction　and　complexation　mechanism,　respectively.　Moreover,　nZVI-SBC　had　higher　N-2　selectivity　and　produced　less　ammonium　than　nZVI.　The　interaction　between　nitrate　and　phosphate　was　studied　to　manifest　that　they　had　different　degrees　of　inhibition　during　the　removal　of　the　other.　Our　research　indicated　that　nZVI-SBC　has　great　potential　for　remediation　of　nitrogen　and　phosphorus　polluted　water.