Based　on　the　concept　of　seismic　resilience　design,　combined　with　prefabricated　structure　technology,　a　self-centering　prefabricated　bridge　pier　structure　with　external　replaceable　energy　dissipator　was　developed.　The　quasi-static　cyclic　loading　tests　for　two　groups　of　self-centering　prefabricated　pier　model　structures　were　conducted.　The　load-bearing　behavior　and　damage　process　of　a　self-centering　prefabricated　pier　in　cyclic　loading　process　were　introduced,　and　its　seismic　performances,　such　as,　force-displacement　hysteresis　curve,　skeleton　curve,　energy　dissipation　capacity,　tension　change　of　prestressed　reinforcement,　residual　displacement,　joint　opening,　height　of　compression　zone　at　the　bottom　of　pier　were　analyzed.　The　results　showed　that　the　external　energy　dissipation　components　have　good　replaceability　and　energy　dissipation　capacity,　pier　seismic　performance　before　and　after　replacement　is　basically　the　same;　the　force-displacement　hysteretic　curve　of　self-centering　pier　has　obvious　＇flag＇　shape　with　smaller　residual　displacement　and　good　self-centering　ability;　with　increase　in　horizontal　displacement　of　pier　top,　tension　of　axial　prestressed　reinforcement　inside　pier　increases　linearly,　and　the　prestress　loss　of　prestressed　reinforcement　decreases　after　energy　dissipator　is　replaced;　the　steel　pipe　wrapped　around　pier　bottom　can　effectively　restrain　local　concrete　collapse,　and　the　steel　pipe　has　no　damage,　such　as,　local　bulge.　©　2021,　Editorial　Office　of　Journal　of　Vibration　and　Shock.　All　right　reserved.