Electrochemical　water　splitting　is　the　most　direct　and　popular　method　to　obtain　hydrogen.　However,　the　high　activation　barrier　for　water　splitting　greatly　hinders　large-scale　hydrogen　production,　inspiring　the　necessity　of　using　catalysts　for　the　hydrogen　evolution　reaction　and　oxygen　evolution　reaction.　Materials　from　precious　metals　to　earth-abundant　transition　metals　and　their　composites　have　been　widely　developed,　in　which　transition　metal　selenides　display　a　more　outstanding　bifunctional　catalytic　performance.　This　review　aims　to　focus　on　the　design　strategies　of　transition　metal　selenide　based　catalysts　from　modification　methods,　including　morphological　control,　anion　substitution　and　cation　substitution,　as　well　as　using　composite　materials　modified　by　constructing　heterostructures　and　the　synergistic　effect　of　different　components.　Finally,　it　provides　guidance　for　the　research　status,　and　future　development　directions　of　multifunctional　electrocatalytic　selenide　based　materials　are　also　suggested.