In　China,　preserving　historic　trees　and　ancient　timber　structures　has　attracted　more　attention　from　researchers　and　institutions.　Nondestructive　testing　(NDT)　technology　has　gained　momentum　in　the　application　and　research　in　recent　years.　This　paper　presents　some　examples　of　the　application　of　NDT　techniques　in　the　protection　of　historic　trees　and　ancient　timber　structures　in　China.　A　total　of　nine　NDT　techniques　were　applied,　including　five　techniques　of　visual　inspection,　sounding,　Resistograph,　stress　wave　transmission　velocity,　stress　wave　tomography　for　both　historic　trees　and　ancient　timber　structures,　two　techniques　of　the　pulling-test　and　ground-penetrating　radar　(GPR)　for　historic　trees　alone,　and　two　techniques　of　acoustic　emission　(AE)　and　digital　imaging　for　ancient　timber　structures.　Based　on　field　testing,　there　is　a　very　good　detecting　effect　for　visual　inspection　and　Resistograph,　but　sounding　works　unsatisfactorily.　The　stress　wave　transmission　velocity　is　found　to　be　excellent　in　screening　for　the　internal　defects　of　historic　tree　trunks,　but　performs　badly　in　screening　for　the　internal　defects　within　the　wood　members　of　ancient　timber　structures.　AE　is　less　successful　but　digital　imaging　performs　well　in　long-term　monitoring　and　damage　warning　of　wood　structures.　The　stress　wave　tomography　successfully　obtains　images　of　internal　defects　inside　tree　trunks.　The　anchorage　of　some　historic　trees　cannot　be　quantitatively　evaluated　with　the　pulling　test　if　the　tree　is　too　large.　GPR＇s　resolution　and　accuracy　are　very　low,　which　limit　its　application.　Theoretical　research　on　NDT　and　promotion　of　NDT　technology　are　still　an　essential　part　of　the　work　in　the　future.