3D　concrete　printing　has　received　widespread　attention　and　been　developed　for　an　increasing　number　of　applications.　However,　a　major　challenge　facing　this　technology　is　an　effective　way　to　introduce　reinforcement　into　continuously　deposited　cementitious　material.　In　this　study,　different　layers　of　steel　wire　meshes　(SWM)　are　employed　to　reinforce　the　3D　printed　structures　to　improve　mechanical　capacities.　Both　destructive　(bending,　compression　and　splitting)　and　non-destructive　(using　electro-mechanical　impedance)　tests　are　employed　to　characterize　the　impact　of　this　reinforcement method.　The　damage　accumulation　process　is　measured　through　the　smart　PZT　patches　based　on　the　electro-mechanical　impedance　method.　The　results　indicate　that　reinforced　3D-printed　components　with　SWM　change　their　failure　modes　from　brittle　to　ductile.　The　peak　loads　are　increased　by　59.2–173.3%　and　the　deflection　capacity　can　be　increased　by　more　than　11　times　than　the　non-reinforced　one.　Different　mechanical　responses　of　print　and　cast　samples　under　compression　are　studied.　The　splitting　tensile　strength　of　wire　mesh　reinforced　concrete　is　also　measured,　which　is　43.7%　higher　than　the　non-reinforced　sample.　The　calculating　methods　of　the　cracking　moment　and　ultimate　moment　of　steel　wire　mesh　reinforced　3D　printed　concrete　are　presented.　Comparison　between　the　calculated　and　the　experimental　results　verifies　the　effectiveness　in　predicting　the　ultimate　moment.　Experimental　results　show　that　it　is　feasible　and　effective　to　employ　steel　wire　mesh　for　strength　and　toughness　enhancement　of　3D　printed　structures.　©　2021,　Wroclaw　University　of　Science　and　Technology.