Aerobic　sludge　granules　with　compact　structure,　wide　diverse　microbial　species　and　excellent　settling　capabilities　have　drawn　interest　of　researchers　engaging　in　work　in　the　area　of　biological　wastewater　treatment.　This　review　provides　recent　advances　on　aerobic　biogranulation　technology　and　application.　Granulation　mechanism,　characteristics　and　its　microbial　phase,　influence　of　different　environmental　factors,　granulation　model　and　its　application　in　treating　the　municipal　and　toxic　industrial　wastewater　were　discussed.　Then　a　prospect　concerned　for　future　research　is　also　put　forward.