An　efficient　emergency　management　system　must　be　built　on　the　basis　of　a　scientific　and　rational　mechanism.　The　objective　of　this　paper　is　to　analyze　situations　in　Chinese　current　emergency　mechanism　and　to　propose　measurements　learned　from　the　USA,　by　comparing　and　discussing　the　differences　between　emergency　mechanisms　in　both　countries.　The　paper　concludes　that　in　order　to　establish　a　scientific　and　rational　emergency　mechanism,　the　Chinese　government　needs　to　transfer　its　emergency　management　from　passive　response　pattern　to　subjective　precaution　pattern　by　strengthening　daily　pre-warning　and　disaster　precaution　and　alleviation　mechanism,　deepening　and　consummating　general　evaluation　and　feedback　mechanism　to　find　and　improve　in　shortcomings,　renovating　overall　governmental　officials＇　consciousness　of　crisis　and　publics＇　ability　of　emergency　response　by　education　and　training,　incorporating　emergency　planning　into　society　developing　planning,　city　planning,　and　land　use　planning.　Therefore,　we　can　realize　the　goal　to　construct　an　advanced　and　high　efficient　emergency　management　system　to　cope　with　various　kinds　of　emergencies.