In　order　to　meet　the　needs　of　the　development　of　low　rise　assembly　structure　in　rural　areas,　a　fabricated　lightweight　steel　frame-composite　light　wall　structure　is　proposed　in　this　paper.　The　lightweight　steel　frames　are　used　to　bear　the　vertical　loads,　the　single-row-reinforced　recycled　concrete　wallboards　are　used　as　lateral　members　to　resist　most　horizontal　earthquake　loads,　and　the　thermal　insulation　wall　can　be　formed　by　the　wallboard,　EPS　insulation　modules　and　fly　ash　blocks.　Four　fabricated　lightweight　steel　frame-composite　light　wall　structures　and　one　lightweight　steel　frame　structure　were　tested　under　low　cyclic　load.　The　influences　of　wall　reinforcement　spacing　and　structural　form　(whether　or　not　composite　fly　ash　block)　on　the　seismic　performance　of　this　new　structure　were　analyzed.　The　results　show　that　the　lightweight　steel　frames　and　the　single-row-reinforced　recycled　concrete　wallboard　can　work　well　together,　and　the　structure　has　two　clear　seismic　resistance　lines.　Because　of　the　use　of　EPS　insulation　modules　and　fly　ash　blocks,　the　structure　has　good　anti-seismic　and　thermal　insulation　ability.　Reducing　spacing　of　bars　or　compositing　fly　ash　blocks　can　significantly　improve　the　seismic　performance　of　the　structure.　Based　on　JGJ　138-2016　＇Code　for　design　of　composite　structures＇,　the　calculation　formula　of　shear　bearing　capacity　of　this　kind　structure　was　proposed.　The　calculated　results　are　in　good　agreement　with　the　test　results.　©　2020,　Editorial　Office　of　Journal　of　Building　Structures.　All　right　reserved.