Loess　has　the　characteristic　of　orthotropism　and　it　forms　landforms　with　isolated　soil　columns　and　vertical　slopes　on　the　Loess　Plateau　in　China.　Under　the　influence　of　various　geological　processes,　collapse　disasters　can　occur　easily　and　induce　secondary　geological　hazards.　Based　on　the　collapse　in　the　Fen　River　drainage　basin　in　2019,　a　laboratory　study　was　conducted　to　reverse　engineer　the　collapse　development,　and　the　impact　of　the　collapse　on　adjacent　structures　was　studied.　In　this　paper,　the　deformation,　stress,　and　moisture　of　the　slope　model　are　monitored　by　using　sensors　and　a　3D　laser　scanner.　In　addition,　the　deformation　of　tunnel　structure　and　the　cracking　of　tunnel　are　monitored.　The　effect　of　slope　collapse　on　tunnel　structure　is　analyzed　according　to　soil　strength　theory,　and　the　tunnel　deformation　is　calculated　theoretically.　The　study　clarified　the　development　characteristics　of　loess　collapse　and　its　mechanism　of　action　on　adjacent　tunnels,　which　has　important　guiding　significance　for　disaster　prevention,　engineering,　and　environmental　protection　on　the　Loess　Plateau　and　other　similar　areas.