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Photocatalysis provides a sustainable route to convert N-2 to NH3 with the aid of a photogenerated electron. Beyond the typical issue in the photocatalytic field, NH3 synthesis requires adsorption, activation, and hydrogenation of N-2. In this report, Ni-doped TiO2 (Ni-x-TiO2) photocatalysts were fabricated by a simple sol-gel method to introduce the oxygen defects and Ni site on TiO2. The oxygen vacancy (Vo) enhances the adsorption of N-2 on the catalyst surface. The Ni doping induced a defect energy level below the conduction band, which prefers to accept the photogenerated electron. The electron captured by Vo tends to transfer to the adsorbed N-2 and activate N-2. On the other hand, the Ni site is a typical H-2 production site. It provides enough H-2 for the hydrogenation of N-2 to form NH3. To sum up all of these advantages, Ni-doped TiO2 displays a high NH3 production rate of 46.80 mu mol.g(-1).h(-1) which is about 7 times higher than that of pure TiO2. This manuscript provides a potential method to design a highly efficient photocatalyst for the NH3 synthesis.
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