Recently,　with　the　deterioration　of　the　environment,　increasing　companies　choose　horizontal　cooperation　to　achieve　the　goal　of　reducing　environmental　pollution　and　cost　in　the　urban　distribution　industry.　However,　companies　worry　that　the　business　information　is　leaked　in　the　process　of　horizontal　cooperation.　This　kind　of　mistrust　often　leads　to　the　failure　of　horizontal　cooperation.　The　emergence　of　blockchain　technology　has　become　a　great　means　to　resolve　trust　problem　between　partners,　which　ensures　data　sharing　and　trust　through　peer-to-peer,　consensus　mechanism　and　encryption　technology.　In　response,　this　study　proposes　architecture　of　blockchain-based　urban　distribution　system　for　horizontal　cooperation　that　analyzes　the　components　and　layers　of　the　urban　distribution.　Meanwhile,　a　smart　contract,　the　innovative　applications　of　blockchain,　is　designed　to　match　the　resource　of　supply　and　demand　to　design　the　distribution　routes　in　the　urban　distribution　system.　To　achieve　the　above　goal,　an　open　vehicle　routing　model　of　urban　distribution　taking　into　account　environmental　pollution　factors　is　developed　as　the　mathematical　logic　of　smart　contract,　which　aims　at　the　lowest　total　cost　including　fixed,　fuel,　penalty,　carbon　emission　and　pollutant　emission　costs.　Furthermore,　the　genetic　algorithm　is　developed　to　support　the　implementation　of　smart　contract,　and　the　effectiveness　of　the　smart　contract　is　verified　through　a　real　case.　This　study　narrows　the　knowledge　gap　in　applying　blockchain　technology　to　urban　distribution,　and　has　brought　contributions　to　the　fields　of　blockchain　and　urban　distribution.　Finally,　the　limitation　and　future　research　direction　are　discussed.